hypnopompic 的词源

“与从睡眠中醒来时的意识状态有关”，这个词最早出现在1897年，由英国作家弗雷德里克·W·H·迈尔斯（Frederic W. H. Myers，1843-1901）创造。他将hypno-（意为“睡眠”）与希腊语pompe（意为“送走”）的第二部分结合而成，后者源自pempein（意为“发送”）（参见pomp）。

Hypnagogic — Illusions hypnagogiques (Maury) are the vivid illusions of sight or sound—"faces in the dark," etc.—which sometimes accompany the oncoming of sleep. To similar illusions accompanying the departure of sleep, as when a dream-figure persists for a few moments into waking life, I have given the name hypnopompic. [F.W.H. Myers, "Glossary of Terms used in Psychical Research," Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, vol. xii, 1896-97, supplement]

Hypnagogic — Illusions hypnagogiques（莫里）指的是在入睡过程中，有时会出现的生动视觉或听觉幻觉，比如“黑暗中的面孔”等。对于那些在入睡后期伴随醒来的幻觉，我称之为hypnopompic。 [F.W.H. Myers，《超心理学研究词汇表》，《超心理学研究学会会刊》，第十二卷，1896-97年，补充材料]

By hypnagogic paramnesia I mean a false memory occurring in the antechamber of sleep, but not necessarily before sleep. Mr. Myers' invention of the word "hypnopompic" seems to me unnecessary except for pedantic reasons. I take the condition of consciousness to be almost the same whether the sleep is coming on or passing away. In the dream I have recorded it is even impossible to say whether the phenomenon is "hypnagogic" or "hypnopompic"; in such a case the twilight consciousness is as much conditioned by the sleep that is passing away as by the sleep that is coming on. [H. Ellis, "A Note on Hypnagogic Paramnesia," in Mind, vol. vi, 1897]

我所说的催眠幻觉失忆症（hypnagogic paramnesia）是指在入睡前或入睡过程中出现的虚假记忆。迈尔斯发明“催眠送别”（hypnopompic）这个词，我认为除了学究式的追求外并没有必要。我认为，无论是入睡还是醒来，这种意识状态几乎是相同的。在我记录的梦中，甚至很难判断这个现象是“催眠入睡”还是“催眠送别”；在这种情况下，朦胧的意识既受到即将入睡的影响，也受到正在醒来的影响。[H. Ellis，《关于催眠幻觉失忆症的简要说明》，发表于《心智》，第六卷，1897年]