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beautician 的意思

美容师; 美容专业人员; 美容院工作人员

beautician 的词源

beautician(n.)

到1924年,美国英语中出现了这个词(Mencken在俄亥俄州克利夫兰的电话目录中发现了它),由 beautytechnician 的结尾组合而成。Beauty salon 这个词源于1912年,是对平淡无奇的 beauty shop(1898年)的替代。Beauty parlor 则可以追溯到1894年。

The sudden death of a young woman a little over a week ago in a down-town "beauty parlor" has served to direct public attention to those institutions and their methods. In this case, it seems, the operator painted on or injected into the patron's facial blemish a 4-per-cent cocaine solution and then applied an electrode, the sponge of which was saturated with carbolized water. [The Western Druggist, October 1894]
一周多前,在市中心一家“美容院”里,一名年轻女性的突然去世引起了公众对这些机构及其方法的关注。在这个案例中,操作者似乎是在顾客的面部瑕疵上涂抹或注射了一种4%的可卡因溶液,然后使用了一个电极,海绵部分浸泡在含有酚水的液体中。[《西部药剂师》,1894年10月]
Back in 1917, according to Frances Fisher Dubuc, only two persons in the beauty culture business had paid an income tax; by 1927 there were 18,000 firms and individuals in this field listed as income-tax payers. The "beautician" had arrived. [Frederick Lewis Allen, "Only Yesterday," 1931]
根据弗朗西斯·费舍尔·杜布克的说法,早在1917年,美容行业中只有两人缴纳了所得税;到1927年,这个领域已登记为纳税人的公司和个人达18,000个。“美容师”这一职业终于出现了。[弗雷德里克·路易斯·艾伦,《仅仅是昨天》,1931年]

相关词汇

14世纪初,bealte,意为“身体吸引力”,同时也指“善良,礼貌”。这个词源于盎格鲁法语的beute,古法语的biauté,意为“美丽,诱惑力,美丽的人”(12世纪,现代法语为beauté)。更早期的形式是beltet,来自俗拉丁语的*bellitatem(主格bellitas),意为“令人愉悦的状态”(同源于西班牙语beldad,意大利语belta)。这个词源于拉丁语的bellus,意为“漂亮,英俊,迷人”。在古典拉丁语中,通常用于形容女性和儿童,或者讽刺性地用于男性。可能源自原始印欧语的*dw-en-elo-,是词根*deu- (2) “做,执行;表示喜爱,尊敬”的 diminutive 形式。著名作家斯丹达尔曾将其定义为la promesse de bonheur,意为“幸福的承诺”。

[I]t takes the one hundred men in ten million who understand beauty, which isn't imitation or an improvement on the beautiful as already understood by the common herd, twenty or thirty years to convince the twenty thousand next most sensitive souls after their own that this new beauty is truly beautiful. [Stendhal, "Life of Henry Brulard"]
需要十亿人中仅有的一百人来理解美,这不是对普通人已知美的模仿或改进,而是需要二三十年时间说服紧随其后那两万名最敏感的灵魂,证明这种新美确实美。[斯丹达尔,《亨利·布吕拉尔的生活》]

这个词取代了古英语的wlite。在英语中,具体指“美丽的女人”的用法记录于14世纪末。Beauty-sleep(“美容觉”)指“午夜前的睡眠”(人们普遍认为这是最能恢复精神的睡眠),最早见于1850年。Beauty-spot(“美人痣”)指“过去女性在脸上涂抹的黑点,以增强美丽”,出现在1650年代。Beauty-contest(“选美比赛”)一词出现于1885年;beauty-queen(“选美皇后”)则出现在1922年(早期该词用于描述牲畜的展览名称)。Beauté du diable(字面意思是“魔鬼的美丽”)作为法语短语被引入英语,始于1825年。

But as it is hardly possible to define all the properties which constitute beauty, we may observe in general, that beauty consists in whatever pleases the eye of the beholder, whether in the human body, in a tree, in a landscape or in any other object. [from definition of BEAUTY in Noah Webster's "Dictionary of the English Language," 1828]
但由于几乎不可能定义构成美的所有特性,我们可以一般性地观察到,美在于任何能取悦观察者眼睛的事物,无论是人体、树木、风景还是其他任何物体。[摘自诺亚·韦伯斯特《英语词典》,1828年]
That pleasure which is at once the most intense, the most elevating, and the most pure is, I believe, found in the contemplation of the beautiful. When, indeed, men speak of Beauty, they mean, precisely, not a quality, as is supposed, but an effect—they refer, in short, just to that intense and pure elevation of soul—not of intellect, or of heart—upon which I have commented, and which is experienced in consequence of contemplating the “beautiful.” [Poe, "The Philosophy of Composition," 1846]
我相信,最强烈、最振奋、最纯粹的愉悦,正是在对美的沉思中获得的。实际上,当人们谈论美时,他们指的并不是一种特质,而是一种效果——简而言之,就是那种强烈而纯粹的灵魂升华——而非智力或情感的升华——这种体验源于对“美”的沉思。[爱伦·坡,《创作哲学》,1846年]

1833年起,technic(技术)+ -ian(人)组合而成,最初指“精通某一问题的技术细节或某一学科机械部分的人”。到1939年,这个词还被用来指“擅长实用或机械艺术的人”。

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    中文翻译由AI生成。查看原文,请访问: Etymology, origin and meaning of beautician

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