billion 的意思
十亿; 一千百万
billion 的词源
billion(n.)
1680年代,来自法语 billion(最初在Chuquet未出版的 "Le Triparty en la Science des Nombres," 1484中为 byllion;由De la Roche复制,1520年);参见 bi- "two" + million。
在英国和德国表示一百万的百万(按六位分组计数),这最初是其意义;随后在法语中被更改为“十亿”(按三位分组计数),并以这种形式在美国被采纳,“部分由于革命战争后的法语影响”[David E. Smith, "History of Mathematics," 1925]。
法国在1948年恢复了原义。英国的用法更忠于词源,但美国的意义在技术写作中越来越常见。
In Italian arithmetics from the last quarter of the fifteenth century the words bilione or duilione, trilione, quadrilione or quattrilione, quintilione, cinquilione, or quinquilione, sestione or sestilione, settilione, ottilione, noeilione and decilione occur as common abbreviations of due volte millioni, tre volte millione, etc. In other countries these words came into use much later, although one French writer, Nicolas Chuquet, mentions them as early as 1484, in a book not printed until 1881. The Italians had, besides, another system of numeration, proceeding by powers of a thousand. The French, who like other northern peoples, took most if not all their knowledge of modern or Arabic arithmetic from the Italians, early confounded the two systems of Italian numeration, counting in powers of a thousand, but adopting the names which properly belong to powers of a million. [Century Dictionary]
从15世纪最后一个季度开始,在意大利算术中,词语 bilione 或 duilione, trilione, quadrilione 或 quattrilione, quintilione, cinquilione,或 quinquilione, sestione 或 sestilione, settilione, ottilione, noeilione 和 decilione 作为 due volte millioni, tre volte millione 等的常见缩写出现。在其他国家,这些词的使用要晚得多,尽管一位法国语言学家Nicolas Chuquet早在1484年就提到它们,但该书直到1881年才出版。此外,意大利人还有另一种按千的幂计数的计数系统。法国人和其他北方民族一样,大部分甚至全部现代或阿拉伯算术知识都是从意大利人那里获得的,他们早期混淆了意大利计数的两种系统,按千的幂计数,但采用了本应属于百万的幂的名称。[Century Dictionary]
billion 的使用趋势
改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams 数据仅供参考。
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