censure 的意思
指责; 责难; 批评
censure 的词源
censure(n.)
14世纪晚期,最初指教会的“司法判决”,源自拉丁语 censura,意为“判断、意见”,也指“审查官的职务”。这个词来自 census,是 censere 的过去分词,意思是“评估、估计、判断”(参见 censor (n.))。大约在1600年,这个词的普遍含义演变为“发现错误并表达谴责”。
censure(v.)
1580年代,“判断,裁决”(现在已废弃);1590年代,“批评,指责,找茬并谴责”,源自censure(名词),或来自法语censurer,意为“批评者”,源自censure(名词)。相关词汇:Censured(被批评),censuring(批评中)。
Such men are so watchful to censure, that they have seldom much care to look for favourable interpretations of ambiguities, to set the general tenor of life against single failures, or to know how soon any slip of inadvertency has been expiated by sorrow and retractation; but let fly their fulminations, without mercy or prudence, against slight offences or casual temerities, against crimes never committed, or immediately repented. [Johnson, "Life of Sir Thomas Browne," 1756]
这些人对批评如此警惕,以至于他们很少关心如何寻找模糊之处的有利解释,如何将生活的整体基调与个别失败相对比,或是如何知道任何不经意的失误是多么快就被悔恨和改正所弥补;相反,他们毫不留情、缺乏审慎地对轻微的过失或偶然的冒失、对从未犯下或立即悔改的罪行发出猛烈的指责。[约翰逊,《托马斯·布朗爵士传》,1756年]
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censure 的使用趋势
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