septicemia 的词源

在医学领域，“败血症，腐败作用”这个词最早出现在1857年，源自现代拉丁语 septicæmia，而法语则是 septicoemi。这个词是由法国医生皮埃尔-阿道夫·皮奥里（Pierre-Adolphe Piorry，1794-1879）在1837年创造的，他结合了希腊语的 septikos（参见 septic）和 haima（意为“血液”，参见 -emia）。相关词汇还有 Septicemic。

Dr. Piorry, in a second communication, insists upon the fact, that in a great number of cases the decaying contents of the uterus, and the putrid infection of the blood from this source, constitute the so-called puerperal fever, and he thinks that the discussion in the Academy is only a fight about words, as the different speakers agree, without knowing it themselves, upon the nature of the disease. He proposes the name of septicemia, as best designating the sources of the disease, viz., from putrid infection from the uterus, and by the respiration of an atmosphere pregnant with septic particles. ... The admission of this septicemia explains the putrid accidents, as observed in men, the foetus, and wounded persons during a puerperal epidemic. [E. Noeggerath and A. Jacobi, "Contributions to Midwifery," New York, 1859]

皮奥里医生在第二次报告中强调，在许多病例中，子宫内腐烂的内容物及其导致的败血感染构成了所谓的产褥热。他认为，科学院的讨论不过是对词汇的争论，因为不同的发言者在不自知的情况下其实都认同了这种疾病的本质。他提议使用“败血症”这个名称，因为它最能准确描述疾病的来源，即来自子宫的腐败感染，以及吸入充满败血微粒的空气…… 这一败血症的概念解释了在产褥期流行病中，男性、胎儿和受伤者所观察到的腐败现象。[E. Noeggerath 和 A. Jacobi，《助产学研究》，纽约，1859年]