cupola 的意思
圆顶; 小穹顶; 建筑物顶部的圆形结构
cupola 的词源
cupola(n.)
在建筑学中,cupola(小穹顶或小圆顶)的概念起源于1540年代,来自意大利语的cupola,而这个词又源自晚期拉丁语的cupula,意为“小桶”。它是拉丁语cupa(“桶、酒桶”)的 diminutive(小词形式)。因此,这个词的基本含义就是“任何结构的圆顶部分”。
The Italian word signifies a hemispherical roof which covers a circular building, like the Pantheon at Rome or the temple of Vesta at Tivoli. Most modern cupolas are semi-elliptical, cut through their shortest diameter; but the greater number of ancient cupolas were hemispherical. In colloquial use, the cupola is often considered as a diminutive dome, or the name is specifically applied to a small structure rising above a roof and often having the character of a tower or lantern, and in no sense that of a dome. [Century Dictionary, 1897]
意大利语中的这个词通常指的是覆盖圆形建筑的半球形屋顶,比如罗马的万神殿或蒂沃利的维斯塔神庙。大多数现代的小穹顶是半椭圆形的,沿其最短直径切割而成;而古代的大多数小穹顶则是半球形的。在日常用语中,小穹顶常被视为一种缩小版的圆顶,或者专门指代那些从屋顶上突起的小结构,这些结构通常具有塔楼或灯笼的特征,而不完全是圆顶的形式。[《世纪词典》,1897年]
相关词汇
cupola 的使用趋势
改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams 数据仅供参考。
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