hammerhead 的意思
锤头鲨; 锤头
hammerhead 的词源
hammerhead(adj.)
此外,hammer-head这个词最早出现在1560年代,意为“锤子的头”,由hammer(锤子)和head(头)组合而成。从1796年起,在美式英语中专指一种鲨鱼,因为它的头部宽大且横向扁平。1752年起,这种动物被称为hammer-headed shark,而1745年则称为hammer-fish。它的旧称是balance-fish,据说到1681年,皇家学会博物馆里就已经有一具完整标本和另一具头部标本以这个名字收藏着:
He hath his Name not unaptly from the ſhape of his Head, very different from that of all other Fiſhes, being ſpread out horizontally, like the Beam of a Balance; his eyes ſtanding at the two extremes, as the iron Hooks do at the end of the Beam. He grows sometimes to the length of four or five yards: but this is a young one. [Nehemiah Grew, M.D., "Catalogue & Deſcription Of the Natural and Artificial Rarities Belonging to the Royal Society And preſerved at Greſham Colledge. Whereunto is Subjoyned the Comparative Anatomy of Stomachs and Guts. By the ſame author" London, 1681 ]
它的名字并非不合适,因为它的头部形状与其他鱼类截然不同,横向展开,像一个天平的横梁;它的眼睛位于两端,就像天平横梁末端的铁钩子。有时它的长度可达四五码,但这只是个幼鱼。[尼希迈亚·格鲁,医学博士,《皇家学会自然与人工珍品目录与描述,收藏于格雷沙姆学院,并附有胃肠比较解剖学》,同一作者,伦敦,1681年]
可以与法语的requin marteau、意大利语的pesce martello等进行比较。希腊人则根据它像轭的横杆(zygon)的形状命名,称之为zygania。“根据泽诺克拉底斯和菲洛提努斯在盖伦《医学百科全书》第六卷727页的说法,它肉质坚韧,难以消化,但可以腌制后食用。”[汤普森]
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相关词汇
hammerhead 的使用趋势
改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams 数据仅供参考。
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