star-spangled 的词源

“布满或点缀星星的”，出现在1590年代，由名词 star（星星）和动词 spangle（点缀）构成。Star-Spangled Banner（星条旗）作为“美国国旗”的称呼，最早可以追溯到1814年，出现在弗朗西斯·斯科特·基的诗中（1814年9月20日刊登于《巴尔的摩爱国者报》），诗歌描绘了1814年9月13日至14日夜间巴尔的摩麦克亨利堡遭到轰炸的情景。

The Stars and Stripes developed from the striped flag of Boston's Sons of Liberty, and the blue and white star-spangled standards of George Washington's army. It involved the advice of a Quaker seamstress, the prompting of an American Indian, the timely intervention by Pennsylvania politicians, the inspiration of Francis Hopkinson, and a resolution of the Continental Congress.

These Americans were part of a process of mixed enterprise that combined public effort and private initiative in a way that was typical of the new republic. An American Indian was not reluctant to instruct the rulers of the Colonies on what should be done, and they were quick to respond to his suggestion. A Philadelphia seamstress did not hesitate to criticize the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army, and he was open to her advice. The Continental Congress accepted these contributions in the spirit of the open society that America was becoming. [David Hackett Fischer, "Liberty and Freedom"]

星条旗的雏形源自波士顿自由之子的条纹旗帜，以及乔治·华盛顿军队的蓝白相间的星星标准。这个过程得到了一个贵格会女裁缝的建议，一个美洲印第安人的启发，宾夕法尼亚州政治家的及时干预，弗朗西斯·霍普金森的灵感，以及大陆会议的决议。

这些美国人共同参与了一个典型的新共和国模式——将公共努力与私人倡议相结合的过程。一位美洲印第安人毫不犹豫地向殖民地的统治者提出建议，而他们也迅速采纳了他的意见。一位费城的女裁缝大胆地批评了大陆军总司令，而他也乐于接受她的建议。大陆会议以开放的态度欢迎这些贡献，这正是美国日益形成的开放社会的体现。[大卫·哈基特·费舍尔，《自由与自由》]