kibitzer 的词源

“一个旁观牌局并提供不受欢迎建议的人”，这个词最早出现在1915年，源自意第绪语，是从 kibitz（参见词条）派生的名词。“Der Kibitzer”是一本著名的意第绪语幽默周刊的名字，该周刊于1908年至1912年在纽约出版。[《纽约市的犹太新闻》，1918年]

LICENSE TO "KIBITZ"

"This license entitles bearer to 'kibitz'; to sit near any table of players; to criticize, knock, boost or do anything that will abuse players.

"If a man makes a wrong play it is up to the 'kibitzer' to correct him, and the 'kibitzer' will be held personally responsible should the player lose, and this license will be forfeited.

"Any licensed 'kibitzer' not abiding by above rules and regulations Will be subject to fine or imprisonment."

[notice said to have been posed on the bulletin board of the club room of the Associated Traveling Salesmen of New York, quoted in The Clothier and Furnisher, March 1915]

许可“kibitz”

“此许可证允许持有人‘kibitz’；可以坐在任何玩家旁边；可以批评、嘲讽、支持或做任何可能让玩家不快的事情。

“如果有人出错，‘kibitzer’有责任纠正他，如果玩家输掉比赛，‘kibitzer’将被追究个人责任，并将被取消此许可证。

“任何不遵守上述规则和规定的持证‘kibitzer’将面临罚款或监禁。”

[据说这则通知张贴在纽约旅行推销员协会俱乐部的公告栏上，引用自《裁缝与纺织商》，1915年3月]