self-interest 的意思
自利;自私;追求个人利益
self-interest 的词源
self-interest(n.)
“出于私利或追求个人利益”,这个词在1640年代出现,来源于self- + interest(名词)。特别指“自私,追求个人利益而忽视他人”。相关词汇包括Self-interested(自利的,1650年代),self-interestedness(自利性)。
[Self-interest] is a doctrine not very lofty, but clear and sure. It does not seek to attain great objects; but it attains those it aims for without too much effort. ... [It] does not produce great devotion; but it suggests little sacrifices each day; by itself it cannot make a man virtuous; but it forms a multitude of citizens who are regulated, temperate, moderate, farsighted, masters of themselves; and if it does not lead directly to virtue through the will, it brings them near to it insensibly through habits. [Alexis de Tocqueville, "Democracy in America"]
[自利] 不是一种崇高的教义,但却清晰而可靠。它并不追求伟大的目标;而是能够在不费太多力气的情况下实现其所瞄准的目标。……[它] 不会产生伟大的奉献精神;但它每天都会暗示一些小小的牺牲;单靠它无法使人变得高尚;但它能培养出一大批守规矩、节制、适度、目光远大的公民,他们能够自我掌控;即使它不能通过意志直接引导人们走向美德,但却能通过习惯潜移默化地使他们接近美德。[亚历克西·德·托克维尔,《美国的民主》]
相关词汇
self-interest 的使用趋势
改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams 数据仅供参考。
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