“用来操纵船只的工具”,这个词源于古英语 helma,意为“舵;引导和控制的位置”。它来自原始日耳曼语 *helmaz(同源词还有古诺尔斯语 hjalm、古高地德语 helmo、德语 Helm,都意为“把手”),而其更早的词根则追溯到原始印欧语 *kelp-,意思是“握住,抓住”(参见 helve)。
Helm - the handle or tiller, in large ships the wheel, by which the runner is managed; the word is sometimes used with reference to the whole stearing [sic]-gear.
Rudder - that part of the helm which consists of a broad piece of timber, enters the water, and is governed by means of the wheel or tiller.
Tiller - the bar or lever by means of which the rudder of a ship or boat is turned.
[J.H.A. Günther, "English Synonyms Explained & Illustrated," Groningen, 1904]
Helm - 船舶的操纵装置,通常指把手或舵柄。在大型船只上,它指的是操纵舵的轮子;有时这个词也用来指整个操舵系统。
Rudder - 舵的一部分,通常是一块宽大的木板,浸入水中,通过轮子或舵柄来操控。
Tiller - 操纵船舶或小艇舵的杠杆或杆子。
[J.H.A. Günther, "English Synonyms Explained & Illustrated," Groningen, 1904]