client 的意思
客户; 委托人; 依赖者
client 的词源
client(n.)
14世纪晚期,指“生活在他人保护下的人”,这个词源于古法语 clyent(约公元1300年),再往前追溯到拉丁语 clientem(主格 cliens),意为“追随者,侍从”。这个词与 clinare(意为“倾斜,弯曲”)有关,源自原始印欧语 *klient-,它是 *klei-(“倾斜”)的一个后缀形式(表示主动意义)。这个词的基本含义似乎是“依赖他人保护的人”。在古罗马,平民如果在贵族(称为 patronus)的保护之下,就被称为客户(client)。
到公元1400年左右,这个词开始被用来指“律师的客户”。到了公元1600年,这个词的意义进一步扩展,泛指任何对他人管理和照顾表现出特别兴趣的顾客。相关词汇有 Cliency。
The relation of client and patron between a plebeian and a patrician, although at first strictly voluntary, was hereditary, the former bearing the family name of the latter, and performing various services for him and his family both in peace and war, in return for advice and support in respect to private rights and interests. Foreigners in Rome, and even allied or subject states and cities, were often clients of Roman patricians selected by them as patrons. The number of a patrician's clients, as of a baron's vassals in the middle ages, was a gage his greatness. [Century Dictionary]
客户与保护者之间的关系,最初虽然是自愿的,但随着时间推移,这种关系变得世袭化。客户通常会使用保护者的家族姓氏,并在和平与战争时期为其及其家族提供各种服务,以换取对私人权利和利益的建议与支持。在罗马,外国人,甚至是盟友或附属国的城市,常常被罗马贵族选为客户。一个贵族的客户数量,就像中世纪领主的附庸一样,成为他权势大小的象征。[世纪词典]
相关词汇
client 的使用趋势
改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams 数据仅供参考。
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