mortuary 的意思
殡仪馆; 祭奠死者的仪式; 与死亡相关的
mortuary 的词源
mortuary(n.)
14世纪晚期,mortuarie,意指“因教区居民去世而应支付给教区牧师的惯例性礼物”,源自古法语 mortuarie(14世纪初),再往上追溯到中世纪拉丁语 mortuarium,这是一个名词,来自晚期拉丁语形容词 mortuarius,意为“与死者相关的”,而其词源则是拉丁语 mortuus,是动词 mori(“死亡”)的过去分词形式。这一词源可以追溯到原始印欧语根 *mer-,意为“磨灭、伤害”,同样也有“死亡”的含义,并衍生出许多与死亡及易死生物相关的词汇。
Selden says that the usage anciently was, bringing the mortuary along with the corpse when it came to be buried, and to offer it to the church as a satisfaction for the supposed negligence and omissions the defunct had been guilty of, in not paying his personal tithes; and from thence it was called a corse-present; a term which bespeaks it to have been once a voluntary donation. [Sir Thomas Edlyne Tomlins, "The Law Dictionary," London, 1835]
Selden 说,古时候的习俗是,在埋葬尸体时将殉葬礼物(mortuary)一同带来,作为对教会的补偿,弥补死者在生前未能支付个人十字架税的疏忽和遗漏。因此,这个礼物被称为 corse-present(尸体礼物),这也表明它曾经可能是自愿捐赠。[托马斯·艾德林·汤姆林斯爵士,《法律词典》,伦敦,1835年]
从15世纪中期起,这个词也被用来指“葬礼仪式”。而“尸体暂时存放的地方”这一意义则出现在1865年,成为对早期 deadhouse(死者之家)的委婉说法。
mortuary(adj.)
1510年代,指“与埋葬死者相关的”,源自晚期拉丁语 mortuarius,意为“死者的”,进一步追溯至拉丁语 mortuus,意为“死的”(参见 mortuary (n.))。
相关词汇
mortuary 的使用趋势
改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams 数据仅供参考。
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