pugilist 的意思
拳击手; 拳斗者
pugilist 的词源
pugilist(n.)
“用拳头打架的人”,1789年起使用,源自拉丁语 pugil,意为“拳击手,拳斗士”,与 pugnus(意为“拳头”)相关,后者来自原始印欧语词根 *peuk-(意为“刺”)的派生形式,加上 -ist 后缀。关于词义的发展,可以参见 punch(动词),同样源自“刺”的含义。相关词汇:Pugilistic(1789年,意为“拳击的,拳斗的”);pugilistically(拳击地)。
Pugil(名词)在英语中偶尔出现,意指“拳击手,拳斗士”(17世纪至18世纪),但并未广泛流传;早期它的意思是“一小把”或“一大撮”某物(1570年代)。Pugil stick(1962年)是美国军方引入的,用于替代步枪进行刺刀训练。
UNTIL recently bayonet training has lacked realism. Bayonet instruction consisted of basic positions and movements, the fundamentals of bayonet fighting, and a practical examination conducted on the Bayonet Assault Course. This training is essential for the combat Infantryman; however, he completes his training without knowing what an actual bayonet fight is like. The dummies used in training cannot fight back or take evasive action. The only true test of an Infantryman's skill with bayonet is vicious, close combat against an armed opponent. [Lt. Wendell O. Doody, "Pugil, Man, Pugil!" in Infantry magazine, Nov.-Dec. 1962]
直到最近,刺刀训练一直缺乏真实感。刺刀教学仅包括基本姿势和动作,以及刺刀战斗的基础知识,最后在刺刀攻击课程上进行实际考核。这些训练对步兵战士至关重要;然而,他们在完成训练后,却并不知道真正的刺刀战斗是什么样的。训练中使用的假人无法反击或躲避。步兵战士刺刀技能的唯一真实考验,就是与持枪对手进行残酷的近身搏斗。[温德尔·O·杜迪中尉,《Pugil, Man, Pugil!》,《步兵》杂志,1962年11月-12月]
相关词汇
pugilist 的使用趋势
改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams 数据仅供参考。
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